Étape n°25 – Cimetière
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rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]Combien d’arbres et d’arbustes différents sur cette zone de lisière ? Combien d’oiseaux fréquentent ce lieu ?
Le cimetière est situé en bordure de forêt, ce qui permet d’observer de nombreux oiseaux qui profitent de cet espace de lisière entre deux milieux. Abris et nourriture sont fournis aussi bien par les grands arbres (chêne, if, épicéa, châtaignier), que par les essences de lumière à l’orée du bois (érables plane et champêtre, tilleul, frêne, charme, acacia) , ainsi que par de nombreux arbustes (noisetier, cornouiller, troène,etc). Le Roitelet triple bandeau, en profite pour rechercher araignées et petites bestioles sur le feuillage et les branches.. C’est le plus petit oiseau de France[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_2″ layout=”1_2″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” flex_grow_medium=”” flex_grow_small=”” flex_grow=”” flex_shrink_medium=”” flex_shrink_small=”” flex_shrink=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” 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Les milieux « ouverts », prairies, parcs, et champs sont une aubaine pour toute une petite faune ! Des mammifères comme les campagnols creusent leurs galeries dans les terres meubles des prairies, de nombreux insectes butinent les fleurs des près et des pelouses non tondues. Ceux-ci peuvent être au menu des mésanges, mais aussi des troglodytes, fauvettes, merles, grives, corneilles, tourterelles, grimpereaux, serins, etc.
Les vieux murs offrent un milieu de vie pour nombre d’animaux et de plantes : insectes et lézards recherchent les pierres et murets ensoleillés, mousses et fougères s’installent dans la moindre fissure.
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animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”false” border_position=”all” first=”true” spacing_right=””][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]Connaissez-vous la plante « hirondelle » ? C’est la chélidoine qui s’installe facilement dans les moindres interstices, dans les talus, entre les pierres des murets, dans les lieux abandonnés et se dissémine de ça et de là.
Ses fleurs jaunes sont formées chacune de quatre petits pétales aériens étalés en croix. Ses fines graines noires s’éparpillent depuis une longue capsule qui s’ouvre à maturité et seront dispersées grâce à l’action des fourmis.
Elle semble vivace mais n’est en fait que pérennante, ce qui signifie qu’elle peut vivre plusieurs années et disparaît lorsque ses racines sont trop altérées.
Elle fait partie de la famille des papavéracées, comme le coquelicot et le pavot, qui produisent tous du latex, mais dont la plupart sont toxiques.[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_2″ layout=”1_2″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” flex_grow_medium=”” flex_grow_small=”” flex_grow=”” flex_shrink_medium=”” flex_shrink_small=”” flex_shrink=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” 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L’herbe aux verrues, c’est la chélidoine que l’on applique sur les verrues pour les faire disparaître. Il suffit de casser sa tige pour obtenir un latex jaune orangé qui appliqué régulièrement sur les verrues, les « brûlent ».
Ses différents noms nous renseignent sur ses usages :
• Eclaire, ou Grande Éclaire car son suc, étendue d’eau, a été utilisé pour soigner les ophtalmies.
• Herbe aux Boucs, à cause de son odeur
• Chélidoine (Chelidonium majus L) qui vient du grec khelidôn et du latin Chelidonium, ce que signifie dans les deux cas « hirondelle ». Il y a diverses interprétations pour ce nom : cette plante commence à fleurir à l’arrivée des hirondelles, ou bien elle fleurit chez nous pendant tout le séjour de l’hirondelle ?
Une légende racontait que les petits de l’hirondelle naissaient aveugles et que pour leur ouvrir les yeux, les parents frottaient leurs yeux avec le suc de la plante…. Cependant, aujourd’hui force est de constater que tous ces oisillons ont une bonne vue dès la naissance et il ne faut pas oublier que cette plante est vénéneuse à forte dose .
Injustement reléguée comme mauvaise herbe malgré ses propriétés médicinales, c’est une bio-indicatrice des sols saturés en azote.
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